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Peter M. Layde, MD

JAMA. 1983;250(6):796-797.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text PDF and any section headings.

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is one of the most important diseases occurring among young women. More than 850,000 cases occur annually in the United States, resulting in more than 200,000 hospital admissions and 2,500,000 physician visits.^1-3 The economic costs of PID are estimated to exceed $1.1 billion annually.³ Perhaps even more important than acute PID are its long-term sequelae, including ectopic pregnancy, infertility, recurrent pelvic infection, and chronic pelvic pain. In developed countries, PID accounts for an estimated 30% to 40% of infertility among women and for about half of all ectopic pregnancies.⁴

The importance of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) in the etiology of PID has long been recognized.⁴ Recent work suggests that the most important non—STD-related risk factor for PID is a woman's method of contraception.^4-7

Both oral contraceptives and barrier methods of contraception (such as condoms, diaphragms, and spermicidal foams or jellies) roughly . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

Author Affiliations
Division of Reproductive Health Centers for Disease Control Atlanta

Footnotes
Address editorial communications to the Editor, 535 N Dearborn St, Chicago, IL 60610.

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