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A Milestone in Awareness

Jesse L. Steinfeld, MD

JAMA. 1985;253(20):2995-2997.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text PDF and any section headings.

DR EVARTS Graham and his colleague, senior medical student Ernest Wynder, published the results of their collaborative epidemiologic studies in the Journal of the American Medical Association about the time of Mr Wynder's graduation as a physician. The article, "Tobacco Smoking as a Possible Etiologic Factor in Bronchiogenic Carcinoma," was a seminal article in 1950 for a number of reasons. It was the largest retrospective study on tobacco smoking conducted up to that time. It incorporated patients from many centers, thus obviating the criticism that a particular group of adults were subject to a unique, unknown exposure in a defined geographic region, thereby confounding the results. It established standards for retrospective studies, which included a successful technique for quantifying the number of cigarettes (plus cigars and pipesful of tobacco) consumed, the number of years of smoking, the age at which smoking began, and the brand of cigarettes smoked (although such . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

Author Affiliations
From the Medical College of Georgia, Augusta. Reprint requests to Office of the President, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912 (Dr Steinfeld).

Footnotes
A commentary on Wynder EL, Graham EA: Tobacco smoking as a possible risk factor in bronchiogenic carcinoma: A study of 684 proved cases. JAMA 1950;143:329-336.

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