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Philip E. Schambra, PhD

JAMA. 1990;263(24):3325-3326.

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International cooperation in biomedical research stretches back to the origins of modern medicine. In the 17th century, the young English physician William Harvey traveled to Italy's University of Padua, then the world's leading medical research center.¹ There Harvey studied with the great Italian anatomist Fabricius, who believed that blood flowed out of the heart with each contraction, then reversed course to reenter the organ with each relaxation. Fabricius likened this motion to the flow and ebb of tides. Harvey puzzled over this hypothesis and, after returning to England, devised a series of inventive experiments to test a new concept. Building on the notions of Fabricius, he discovered that the heart functions as a pump that propels the blood in a circular pattern throughout the body. A consequence of this international communication between the eminent Italian and the junior Englishman was a new dimension in biomedical science.

As we approach . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

Author Affiliations
From the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.

Footnotes
Reprint requests to Office of the Director, John E. Fogarty International Center/NIH, Bldg 31, Room B2C39, Bethesda, MD 20892 (Dr Schambra).

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