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Wendy Chavkin, MD, MPH

JAMA. 1991;266(11):1556-1561.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text PDF and any section headings.

THE CRACK epidemic is unique among American drug waves because of the high level of involvement of young women.^1,2 In response to this, there have been attempts to impose criminal sanctions on pregnant women who use drugs or alcohol. To date, there have been 50 efforts to prosecute women for using drugs or alcohol while pregnant, with two convictions, and at least seven states have legislation pending that would alter child protective laws to encompass drug use during pregnancy under the rubric of fetal abuse.^3,4 Fueled by hotly contested political controversies, such as the legal status of the fetus and the criminalization of addiction, the debate has generally polarized between therapy or sanction.

Some have proposed mandatory treatment for pregnant women as a compromise. This article examines other experiences with mandatory treatment to assess whether such treatment has proven efficacious, whether these . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

Author Affiliations
From the Chemical Dependency Institute, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, NY, and Columbia University School of Public Health, New York, NY.

Footnotes
The opinions are those of the author, who accepts sole responsibility.

Reprint requests to Chemical Dependency Institute, Beth Israel Medical Center, First Avenue at 16th Street, New York, NY 10003 (Dr Chavkin).

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