Histopathologic Distinctions in the Relationship of Estrogens and Endometrial Cancer
- Ralph I. Horwitz, MD;
- Alvan R. Feinstein, MD;
- Romeo A. Vidone, MD;
- Sheldon C. Sommers, MD;
- Stanley J. Robboy, MD
- From the Departments of Medicine (Drs Horwitz and Feinstein), Epidemiology (Dr Feinstein), and Pathology (Dr Vidone), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn; the Department of Pathology, Hospital of St Raphael's, New Haven, Conn (Dr Vidone); the Department of Pathology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (Dr Sommers); and the Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (Dr Robboy).
Abstract
The slides of 233 patients included in a case-control study of estrogens and endometrial cancer were reviewed to determine how often endometrial cancer was misdiagnosed and whether patients with uterine cancer had other coexistent endometrial diseases. Reasonably close agreements were found among the original diagnoses and those of three additional reviewers (the total range of disagreements among all pathologists was from 2% to 16%). Proliferative and hyperplastic endometrium coexisted in many specimens from patients with endometrial cancer, and especially in those who had used estrogen replacement therapy. In contrast, estrogen therapy had seldom been used by patients whose cancers were not accompanied by these proliferative and hyperplastic lesions. In addition, these changes were found significantly more often in women with grade 1 cancers than grade 2 or 3 cancers. We conclude from these data that diagnostic misclassification is uncommon and that coexistent proliferative and hyperplastic lesions occur frequently, especially among women with grade 1 cancers. The data also suggest that the frequent finding of grade 1 cancer in estrogen users is due to bleeding that results from the stimulated coexistent benign proliferating endometrium.
(JAMA 1981;246:1425-1427)
Footnotes
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Reprint requests to the Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholar Program, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, New Haven, CT 06510 (Dr Horwitz).
